REKONSTRUKSI TADULAKO: Civil Engineering Journal on Research and Development

Karakteristik Campuran Beton Aspal (AC-WC) Menggunakan Pasir Pantai sebagai Pengganti Agregat Halus

Syukuriah Syukuriah, Andi Isdyanto — Fri, 28 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Massive road infrastructure development requires a large supply of fine aggregate (sand), which often comes from conventional sources such as river or land quarries. Excessive exploitation of these sources leads to environmental problems, including ecosystem damage and changes in river morphology. This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of asphalt concrete wearing course (AC-WC) mixtures by utilizing beach sand as an alternative fine aggregate, while also identifying its potential as an eco-friendly solution. The research employed an experimental laboratory method. Beach sand from Binuang was used as a 100% substitute for standard fine aggregate. The quality of both coarse and fine aggregates was tested in accordance with SNI (Indonesian National Standard) standards. Subsequently, AC-WC mixtures were prepared at a predetermined optimum asphalt content (OAC) of 6.5%, and their Marshall characteristics were tested, including stability, flow, voids in the mix (VIM), voids filled with asphalt (VFA), and voids in mineral aggregate (VMA). The results indicate that the use of beach sand as a fine aggregate substitute to a certain percentage can meet the AC-WC mixture specifications required by Bina Marga (the Directorate General of Highways). The mixture with this optimal substitution percentage demonstrated the best Marshall characteristics, which remained within the specified range. At this percentage, the stability value reached 842 kg, flow 3.67 mm, VIM 4.12%, VMA 17.97%, VFA 77.23%, and Marshall Quotient (MQ) 233 kg/mm. These values demonstrate that the mixture has adequate performance. In conclusion, beach sand has the potential to be used as a partial substitute for fine aggregate in AC-WC mixtures, particularly at an optimal replacement percentage. The utilization of beach sand not only provides an abundant alternative material but also contributes to reducing the exploitation of conventional aggregates, making it a more economical and environmentally friendly solution for road infrastructure development. The novelty of this research lies in the identification of the optimum conditions for the use of beach sand as a substitute for fine aggregate in AC-WC mixtures based on a comprehensive evaluation of Marshall parameters. The results of the study indicate that although some mixtures meet stability, failure in volumetric parameters such as VIM and Marshall Quotient can still cause the mixture to be unsuitable. This study confirms that beach sand can be used as an alternative fine aggregate if used in certain proportions that are able to produce a balance between strength, flexibility, and density of the mixture

Analisis Kuat Tekan dan Lentur Beton dengan Substitusi Sebagian Agregat Halus Menggunakan Pasir Pantai

Atur Parhorasan Nusantara Siregar, Egi Hendrawan — Sun, 30 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the effect of adding beach sand from the Matano area in Bungku Tengah District, Morowali Regency on the mechanical properties of concrete, particularly its compressive strength and flexural strength. In addition, the research is intended to determine the optimal percentage of beach sand that can be used as a partial substitute for fine aggregate, thereby effectively improving the mechanical performance of concrete.This study employs an experimental quantitative approach with analysis of variance (ANOVA). The research variables include the percentage of fine aggregate substitution (25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) and the treatment of beach sand washing (washed and unwashed). The test specimens consist of cylinders measuring 150 mm × 300 mm and reinforced beams measuring 1500 mm × 100 mm × 150 mm, all of which were cured by immersion for 28 days before being tested for compressive strength and flexural strength.The results show that the use of fully washed beach sand as a complete replacement for fine aggregate does not significantly reduce the quality of concrete. The best performance was achieved at 100% substitution, with a compressive strength of 26.65 MPa, a flexural strength of 19.82 MPa, a maximum deflection of 1.61 mm, and normal cracking. This indicates that properly washed beach sand is suitable for full use as fine aggregate in concrete

Karakteristik Marshall Campuran Aspal Emulsi Dingin Menggunakan Fly Ash Sebagai Filler

Ajeng Aissah, I Dewa Made Alit Karyawan, Ratna Yuniarti, Hasyim — Sun, 30 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Filler is a fine material that plays a crucial role in determining the performance of asphalt mixtures by influencing their physical and mechanical properties. This study aimed to evaluate the use of fly ash as an additional filler to enhance the performance of Cold Emulsified Asphalt Mixtures (CAED). An experimental method was employed through Marshall testing. The study involved material characterization, determination of the Optimum Residual Asphalt Content (KARO), and evaluation of the Marshall characteristics of CAED containing fly ash at replacement levels of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% by filler weight. A total of 15 specimens with a filler blend consisting of 50% fly ash and 50% stone dust were prepared to determine the KARO, followed by 15 additional specimens to evaluate the Marshall characteristics of each fly ash variation. The results demonstrated that the fly ash content significantly influenced the Marshall characteristics of CAED. Based on compliance with the applicable specifications, the optimum fly ash content was 50% of the total filler weight, which resulted in a balance of volumetric properties (VIM 3.56%; VMA 23.43%; VFA 84.93%) and mechanical properties (stability 658.4 kg; MQ 259.80 kg/mm). Meanwhile, the mixture containing 25% fly ash exhibited the best mechanical performance with the highest stability value among other fly ash variations (758.45 kg) and an MQ of 264.39 kg/mm. The addition of fly ash as a filler has been shown to improve the characteristics of Marshall CAED when compared to mixtures without fly ash. Further research is recommended to evaluate its long-term performance through the Wheel Tracking Test

Evaluasi Struktur Bangunan Eksisting Gedung Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kota Palu dengan Analysis Linear Static Procedure Method

Rahmania Rahmania, Hilda Listiawaty, I Ketut Sulendra — Thu, 03 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The Palu City Education and Culture Department Building, as a critical facility following the 2018 Palu earthquake, requires a structural performance evaluation to ensure its safety against future seismic hazards, considering its proximity to the Palu-Koro Fault. This study aims to evaluate the existing structure using the ASCE/SEI 41-17 standard. The evaluation methodology commenced with a Tier 1 screening process based on quick checks, with a performance objective of Collapse Prevention (CP) at the BSE-2E hazard level. Subsequently, a three-dimensional structural analysis using software ETABS was conducted to verify serviceability and strength performance (Demand Capacity Ratio/DCR) under load combinations in accordance with SNI 2847:2019 and SNI 1726:2019. The Tier 1 evaluation results indicated critical deficiencies, including the building’s location within a surface fault rupture zone, potential overturning instability, excessive column axial and shear stresses, failure of the strong-column weak-beam principle, and inadequate transverse reinforcement detailing. ETABS analysis results showed that the maximum deflection (16.977 mm) still satisfied the allowable limit of l/240. However, the strength analysis revealed massive failure: 100% of columns were over stressed with a maximum DCR of 10.165; 211 beam elements possessed actual capacities lower than the required reinforcement demand; and floor slabs failed to meet bending capacity requirements. It is concluded that the existing structure does not meet the Collapse Prevention performance level requirements and declared unsafe, thus necessitating comprehensive structural retrofitting

Analisis Penggunaan Material Sungai Paneki - Pombewe Sebagai Bahan Timbunan Pilihan dan Lapis Pondasi Bawah

Thu, 03 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Up to now asphalt road still become main selection in the construction of infrastructure in Central Sulawesi Province, besides because of ease to get material. This is also caused by roads as the most important facility of transportation to support the fluency of land communication and economic growth of one region. The objectives of this research is to find out characteristic of material of Paneki-Pembewe river at Pembewe village, district of Sigi Biromaru, Sigi regency Palu city. To find out whether material at Paneki- Pembewe river can fulfill specification of Bina Marga 2018 as selected heap material and low layer of foundation. By data resource and information from visual observation at the field testing would be carried out at the Laboratorium. The testing that is meant is testing of physical soil, among them abration, filter analysis, kind of heavy, melted limit, index of plasticity, lempung clod with testing of mechanic such as testing of density and testing CBR (California Bearing Ratio). Research findings show that material of Paneki- Pembewe river can be used as selected heap material and low layer of foundation of road density, this is based on on the CBR value. Selected heap obtained over 10 x pounding is 0,1" with average =6,42%,02" -8,73%, 35 x pounding is 0,1" 13,90%, 0,2" 18,18%, 65 x pounding is 0,1"- 18,45%,0,2" 22,63% and CBR low layer of foundation which is obtained over 10x pounding is 0,1" 20,05%, 0,2"-25,66%,35 x pounding is 43,84%, 0,2"= 52,93%, 65 x pounding is 0,1"=52,93%, 0,2" = 68,08%, so that the result of testing of Paneki-Pembewe river material indicated that those materials fulfill requirement of specification of Bina Marga 2018 as selected heap material and low layer of foundation

Evaluasi Kerusakan Groundsill dan Rekomendasi Mitigasi AwaSl Berdasarkan Survei Pesawat Udara Nirawak dan Analisis Model Elevasi Digital

A. Fauzan, M.H. Sukoco, Puji Harsanto — Fri, 04 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The collapse of the Srandakan groundsill on the Progo River caused riverbed degradation and triggered headward erosion that potentially threatens the stability of the new Srandakan Bridge. Unstable post-collapse field conditions limited the use of conventional terrestrial surveys to obtain damage geometry data quickly and safely. This study evaluated damage to the Srandakan groundsill through the integration of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) surveys, GNSS control, and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) analysis, applying a relative risk classification among piers based on geometric indicators, given the unavailability of pier foundation depth data. Unlike previous UAV-DEM studies that focused on post-earthquake damage mapping or riverbank erosion characterization, this study represents one of the first applications of this approach specifically to post-collapse groundsill damage evaluation. Accuracy testing yielded a CE90 of 0.052 m and an LE90 of 0.066 m, meeting Class 1 standards of the Geospatial Information Agency Regulation. Results showed the lowest riverbed elevation reached 3.23 m, a decrease of 7.12 m from the reference elevation of 10.35 m, with headward erosion identified extending approximately 250 m toward the new Srandakan Bridge. The relative risk classification indicated that Pier 6 fell into the highest risk category, followed by Pier 7 (moderate) and Pier 8 (moderate-low), while Pier 5 could not be classified using the vertical indicator due to its position at the edge of the active channel. These findings form the basis for preliminary mitigation recommendations prioritizing high-risk piers, serving as an initial basis prior to further hydraulic studies and structural design